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/p/

de la Cruz & Zorc, 1968 · Unit Two, §2.1 · revisions in green

The phoneme /p/ is a voiceless bilabial stop. It occurs in initial, medial, and final position, and contrasts consistently with /b/ in all environments.3

Recent fieldwork confirms this distribution holds across all recorded dialectal variants surveyed since 1968, with no evidence of positional neutralization reported in younger speakers.

Cross-reference Compare the voicing pattern described here with the velar fricative discussed in Unit One, §6 — the two are historically related reflexes in the West Visayan sound system.

Examples: pila "how much," hapon "afternoon," tap-ak "flat." Minimal pairs with /b/ include pala vs. bala.